What Is Inclusion in Critical Theory?

In critical theory, “Inclusion” ensures that all voices, especially those from marginalised or oppressed groups, are heard and respected. It advocates a society where everyone, regardless of race, gender, sexuality, class, or ability, has an equal say and opportunity. In theory, this sounds noble—who wouldn’t want everyone to be included? However, this ideal is more about appearance than substance.

This typically aligns with DEI initiatives in companies or governments and serves as the operational component of ESG policies at the board management level.

INclusion as a Buzzword

Inclusion has become a buzzword that organisations and individuals use to appear morally superior. Many big companies, universities, and media outlets loudly proclaim their commitment to Inclusion, but their changes are superficial. They might hire a token person from a minority group or promote a few diversity-related events, but these actions usually don’t lead to meaningful change. It’s a way to look good without doing the hard work of addressing deep-rooted inequalities.

The Dangers of Tokenism

Inclusion in critical theory is supposed to combat tokenism—the practice of making only a symbolic effort to be inclusive by including a minority representative without truly valuing their contribution. However, much of what is labelled as Inclusion today can be seen as tokenism. Organisations may consist of a few individuals from marginalised groups in prominent positions; these individuals are not given real power or influence. It’s more about ticking a box than genuinely embracing diverse perspectives.

Silencing Dissenting Voices

Inclusion can lead to the silencing of dissenting voices. Critical theorists and activists push for a kind of ideological conformity in the name of Inclusion. If someone disagrees with the prevailing view on what it should look like, they might be labelled as intolerant or regressive. This creates an environment where people are afraid to speak their minds, stifling real debate and discussion.

Inclusion as a Tool for Control

Inclusion is also a tool for control. Certain groups maintain power and influence by dictating what is considered inclusive and who should be included. They decide which voices are legitimate and which are not, excluding those who challenge their authority. This turns Inclusion from a force for good into a way to reinforce existing power structures.

Inclusion Fatigue

Finally, there is the concept of Inclusion fatigue, which refers to the exhaustion people feel from constantly engaging with Inclusion initiatives. This fatigue can stem from the sense that these initiatives are more about public relations than actual change. People think they are being forced to participate in something that feels insincere or that their genuine concerns are ignored in favour of appearances.

Conclusion

As defined by critical theory, Inclusion ensures that everyone has a voice and a fair chance in society. However, this concept is co-opted for less noble purposes. It can become a tool for maintaining power, silencing dissent, or creating the illusion of progress. While Inclusion is important, it’s crucial to approach it critically and question whether the actions being taken in its name are truly making a difference or merely serving as a facade.